Encyclopedia of Cybersecurity

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Access Control

Access control refers to the process of regulating and managing the permissions and privileges granted to users, devices, applications, or entities to access resources, data, or services within a computing environment. Access control mechanisms are implemented to enforce security policies, protect sensitive information, and prevent unauthorized access, misuse, or abuse of resources. Key components and […]

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Access Control List

An Access Control List (ACL) is a security mechanism used to control and manage access to resources, such as files, directories, networks, or systems, by specifying rules or permissions that determine which users, groups, or entities are allowed or denied access to the resource and what actions they can perform on it. Key characteristics of

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Access Token

An access token is a credential used to authenticate and authorize a user or application to access protected resources or perform specific actions within a system, service, or application. Access tokens are commonly used in authentication and authorization mechanisms, such as OAuth 2.0 and OpenID Connect, to grant permissions and control access to APIs, web

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Account Takeover

Account takeover (ATO) refers to a type of cyber attack where unauthorized individuals gain access to a user’s online account(s) by stealing their login credentials, such as usernames and passwords. Once attackers have gained control of an account, they can perform various malicious activities, such as: Identity Theft: Attackers may use the compromised account to

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Advanced Persistent Threat

An Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) is a sophisticated and targeted cyberattack carried out by highly skilled threat actors, often with significant resources and advanced capabilities, who persistently and stealthily infiltrate and compromise targeted organizations or networks over an extended period. APT attacks are characterized by their strategic objectives, advanced techniques, and persistent nature, often aimed

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Advanced Threat Protection

Advanced Threat Protection (ATP) refers to a set of security solutions and technologies designed to defend against sophisticated and advanced cyber threats. These threats often include highly targeted attacks, zero-day exploits, ransomware, and other malicious activities that traditional security measures may struggle to detect or prevent. ATP solutions typically involve a combination of technologies such

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Adware

Adware, short for advertising-supported software, is a type of potentially unwanted program (PUP) or malware that delivers advertisements to users’ computers or devices without their consent or knowledge. Adware is designed to generate revenue for its creators by displaying intrusive advertisements, pop-ups, banners, or sponsored content on web browsers, desktops, or mobile apps. Key characteristics

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Algorithm-Specific Generation

Algorithm-specific generation refers to the process of creating cryptographic keys tailored to the requirements and parameters of a particular cryptographic algorithm. In asymmetric cryptography, different algorithms have unique key generation methods based on their mathematical properties and security considerations. Here’s how algorithm-specific key generation typically works: Understanding Algorithm Parameters: Each cryptographic algorithm has specific parameters

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